Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are medications used to treat and manage epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. These drugs work by controlling the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that leads to seizures. There are many different types of AEDs, each with varying mechanisms of action and potential side effects. The selection of the most appropriate AED for an individual patient depends on factors such as the type of seizures they are experiencing, their age, overall health, and other medications they may be taking. Research in the field of antiepileptic drugs focuses on improving the efficacy and safety of existing medications, developing new treatment options, and understanding the underlying causes of epilepsy to identify potential new drug targets.